The following is the full and complete list of cigarette tobacco ingredients (additives) used by six major American cigarette manufacturers for the year 2000.
Additives make cigarettes more acceptable
to the consumer. They make cigarettes milder and easier to
inhale, improve taste, prolong burning, and shelf life. Of course, most brands only contain a small portion (5-20) of these ingredients. There are a few that contain no additives at all (notably Winston S2).
While all of these ingredients have been shown to be safe in food products by one or more regulatory bodies, there is little evidence demonstrating the safety of these additives when smoked in a cigarette. Until recently manufacturers weren't even required to list quantities or to specify which brands contained which additives.
Since 1985, the major tobacco companies have annually provided to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services a list of all ingredients added to tobacco in the manufacture of cigarettes. Health and Human Services is required to notify the U.S. Congress of any concerns it has with any ingredients on this list. This list is compiled from the year 2000 report.
A
Acetanisole,
Acetic acid,
Acetoin,
Acetophenone,
2-Acetylpyrazine,
2-Acetylpyridine,
3-Acetylpyridine,
2-Acetylthiazole,
Aconitic acid,
dl-
Alanine (l-Alanine),
Alfalfa extract,
Allspice oil (
pimenta berry),
Allyl Hexanoate,
alpha-Methylbenzyl acetate,
Ambergris tincture,
Ammonium alginate,
Ammonium hydroxide,
Ammonium phosphate dibasic,
Amyl alcohol,
Amyl butyrate,
Amyl formate,
Amyl octanoate,
alpha-Amylcinnamaldehyde,
Amyris oil,
trans-
Anethole,
Angelica root (extract and oil),
Anise oil,
Anisyl acetate,
Anisyl alcohol,
Anisyl formate,
Apple juice concentrate and extract,
Apricot extract,
l-Arginine,
Ascorbic acid,
l-
Aspartic acid
B
Balsam peru and oil,
Bay oil,
Beeswax (resinoid and absolute),
Beet juice concentrate,
Benzaldehyde,
Benzaldehyde glyceryl acetal,
Benzoic acid,
Benzoin (resin, resinoid, gum, and absolute),
Benzophenone,
Benzyl alcohol,
Benzyl benzoate,
Benzyl butyrate,
Benzyl cinnamate,
Benzyl salicylate,
Bergamot oil,
Bois de Rose (Peruvian) oil,
Bornyl acetate,
Brown sugar,
Buchu leaf oil,
1,3-Butanediol,
4-(2-Butenylidene)-3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one
Butter (butter esters and butter oil),
Butyl Acetate,
Butyl Alcohol,
Butyl Butyrate,
Butyl butyryl lactate,
n-Butyl isovalerate,
Butyl phenylacetate,
3-Butylidenephthalide,
Butyric acid
C
Camphene,
Cananga oil,
Caramel and caramel color,
Caraway oil,
Carbon,
Carbon dioxide,
Cardamom oleoresin (oil, extract, seed oil, and powder),
Carob bean and extract,
beta-
Carotene,
Carrot (oil and seed),
Carvacrol,
4-
Carvomenthenol,
l-
Carvone,
beta-
Caryophyllene oxide,
beta-
Caryophyllene,
Cascarilla oil (and bark extract),
Cassia (bark, buds, oil and extract),
Cassie absolute,
Castoreum (extract, tincture, liquid, and absolute),
Cedar leaf oil,
Cedarwood oil terpenes,
Celery seed (extract, solid, oil, and oleoresin),
Cellulose (and Cellulose fiber),
Chamomile flower (oil and extract),
Chicory extract,
Chocolate,
1,8-
Cineole,
Cinnamaldehyde,
Cinnamic acid,
Cinnamon leaf (oil, bark oil, and extract),
Cinnamyl acetate,
Cinnamyl alcohol,
Cinnamyl cinnamate,
Cinnamyl isovalerate,
Citral,
Citric acid,
Citronella oil,
dl-
Citronellol,
Citronellyl isobutyrate,
Civet absolute,
Clary sage oil and extract,
Cocoa (cocoa shells, extract, distillate, powder, alkalized, absolute and tincture),
Coffee (and coffee solid extract),
Cognac (white and green oil),
Copaiba oil,
Coriander (extract, oil, and seed),
Corn silk,
Corn syrup,
Costus root oil,
para-
Cymene,
l-
Cysteine
D
Dandelion root solid extract,
Davana oil,
2,4-
Decadienal,
delta-
Decalactone,
gamma-Decalactone,
Decanal,
Decanoic acid,
Decanoic Acid, Ester with 1,2,3 - Propanetriol Octanoate (
Coconut oil),
Dextrin,
Diacetyl,
Diethyl malonate,
2,3-
Diethylpyrazine,
5,7-Dihydro-2-methylthieno (3,4-d) pyrimidine,
Dill oil,
meta-
Dimethoxybenzene,
para-Dimethoxybenzene
2,6-
Dimethoxyphenol,
3,4-Dimethyl-1,2-cyclopentadione,
3,7-Dimethyl-1,3,6-octatriene,
4,5-Dimethyl-3-hydroxy-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-one,
6,10-Dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-one,
3,7-Dimethyl-6-octenoic acid,
alpha,para-Dimethylbenzyl alcohol,
alpha,alpha-Dimethylphenethyl butyrate,
2,3-
Dimethylpyrazine,
2,5-Dimethylpyrazine,
2,6-Dimethylpyrazine,
delta-Dodecalactone,
gamma-
Dodecalactone
E
Ethyl 2-methylbutyrate,
Ethyl acetate,
Ethyl acetoacetate,
Ethyl alcohol (including Specially Denatured Alcohol SDA No. 4),
Ethyl benzoate,
Ethyl butyrate,
Ethyl cinnamate,
Ethyl decanoate,
Ethyl heptanoate,
Ethyl hexanoate,
Ethyl isovalerate,
Ethyl lactate,
Ethyl laurate,
Ethyl levulinate,
Ethyl maltol,
Ethyl methyl phenylglycidate,
Ethyl myristate,
Ethyl nonanoate,
Ethyl octadecanoate,
Ethyl octanoate,
Ethyl oleate,
Ethyl palmitate,
Ethyl phenylacetate,
Ethyl propionate,
Ethyl valerate,
Ethyl vanillin,
Ethyl vanillin glucoside,
2-Ethyl-1-hexanol,
3-Ethyl-2-hydroxy-2-cyclopenten-1-one,
2-Ethyl-3,(5 or 6)-dimethylpyrazine,
5-Ethyl-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone,
2-Ethyl-3-methylpyrazine,
4-
Ethylbenzaldehyde,
4-
Ethylguaiacol,
para-
Ethylphenol,
3-
Ethylpyridine
F
Farnesol,
Fenchone,
Fenugreek (extract, resin, and absolute),
Fig juice (concentrate and extract),
Food starch modified,
Fructose,
Furfuryl mercaptan,
4-(2-Furyl)-3-buten-2-one
G
Galbanum (oil and resinoid),
Geraniol,
Geranium rose and
bourbon oil,
Geranyl acetate,
Geranyl butyrate,
Geranyl formate,
Ginger oil and oleoresin,
Glucose/
Dextrose,
l-
Glutamic acid,
Glycerol,
Graphite,
Guaiac wood oil,
Guaiacol,
Guar gum
H
2,4-Heptadienal
gamma-Heptalactone
Heptanoic acid
2-
Heptanone
3-Hepten-2-one
4-
Heptenal
Heptyl acetate
omega-6-
Hexadecenlactone
gamma-Hexalactone
Hexanal
Hexanoic acid
2-Hexen-1-ol
3-Hexen-1-ol
cis-3-Hexen-1-yl acetate
Hexen-2-al
3-
Hexenoic acid
trans-2-Hexenoic acid
cis-3-Hexenyl formate
Hexyl acetate
Hexyl alcohol
Hexyl phenylacetate
High Fructose Corn Syrup
Honey
Hydrolyzed soy protein
4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone
2-Hydroxy-3,5,5-trimethyl-2-cyclohexenone
4-Hydroxy-3-pentenoic acid lactone
4-Hydroxybutanoic acid lactone
Hydroxycitronellal
6-Hydroxydihydrotheaspirane
4-(para-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone
Hydroxypropyl cellulose
I
Immortelle (absolute and extract),
Invert sugar,
alpha-
Ionone,
beta-Ionone,
Isoamyl acetate,
Isoamyl benzoate,
Isoamyl butyrate,
Isoamyl cinnamate,
Isoamyl formate,
Isoamyl hexanoate,
Isoamyl isovalerate,
Isoamyl phenylacetate,
Isobutyl acetate,
Isobutyl alcohol,
Isobutyl cinnamate,
Isobutyl phenylacetate,
2-Isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine],
alpha-
Isobutylphenethyl alcohol,
Isobutyraldehyde,
Isobutyric acid,
2-
Isopropylphenol,
Isovaleric acid
J
Jasmine (absolute)
K
Kola nut extract
L
Labdanum (oils, absolute),
Lactic acid,
Lauric acid,
Lavandin oil,
Lemon oil,
Lemongrass oil,
Levulinic acid,
Licorice (root, fluid extract and powder),
Lime oil (and lime oil terpeneless),
Linalool,
Linalool oxide,
Linalyl acetate,
L-
Lysine,
Lovage oil (and extract)
M
Mace (powder and oil),
l-
Malic acid,
Malt (and malt extract),
Maltodextrin,
Maltol,
Mandarin (and
tangerine oil),
Maple syrup,
Mate (leaf, absolute, extract and oil),
para-Mentha-8-thiol-3-one,
Menthol and L-Menthol,
Menthone,
Menthyl Acetate,
Menthyl Isovalerate,
2-,5-, or 6-Methoxy-3-methylpyrazine (mixture of isomers),
2-Methoxy-4-methylphenol,
2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol,
para-
Methoxybenzaldehyde,
1-(para-Methoxyphenyl)-1-penten-3-one,
1-(para-Methoxyphenyl)-2-propanone,
Methoxypyrazine,
Methyl 2-furoate,
Methyl 2-octynoate,
Methyl 2-pyrrolyl ketone,
para-
Methyl anisate,
Methyl anthranilate,
Methyl benzoate,
Methyl cinnamate,
Methyl dihydrojasmonate,
Methyl ester of rosin (partially hydrogenated),
Methyl isovalerate,
Methyl linoleate (48%) methyl linolenate (52%) mixture,
Methyl phenylacetate,
Methyl salicylate,
Methyl sulfide,
5-Methyl-2-phenyl-2-hexenal,
6-Methyl-3,5-heptadien-2-one,
1-Methyl-3-methoxy-4-isopropylbenzene,
Methyl-3-methylthiopropionate,
2-Methyl-4-phenylbutyraldehyde,
6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one,
4-Methyl-5-thiazoleethanol,
4'-Methylacetophenone,
Methyl-alpha-ionone,
para-Methyl-anisole,
2-Methylbutyraldehyde,
3-Methylbutyraldehyde,
2-Methylbutyric acid,
alpha-Methylcinnamaldehyde,
Methylcyclopentenolone,
2-Methylheptanoic acid,
2-Methylhexanoic acid,
3-Methylpentanoic acid,
(Methylthio)methylpyrazine (mixture of isomers),
2-Methylpyrazine,
5-Methylquinoxaline,
3-(Methylthio)propionaldehyde,
Methyl-trans-2-butenoic acid,
2-Methylvaleric acid,
Mimosa absolute,
Molasses (
blackstrap,
sugarcane and extract),
Mountain maple solid extract,
Myristic acid,
Myrrh (oil and absolute)
N
Nerol,
Neroli bigarade oil,
Nerolidol,
Nona-2-trans,6-cis-dienal,
2,6-Nonadien-1-ol,
gamma-
Nonalactone,
Nonanal,
Nonanoic acid,
2-
Nonanone,
trans-2-Nonen-1-ol,
Nonyl alcohol,
Nutmeg (powder and oil)
O
Oak moss absolute,
9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (48%) and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid (52%),(mixture),
delta-
Octalactone,
gamma-Octalactone,
Octanal,
Octanoic acid,
2-
Octanone,
1-Octen-3-ol,
2, trans-Octenal,
Octyl isobutyrate,
Oleic acid,
Olibanum oil,
Opoponax oil,
Orange leaf absolute,
Orange Oil (sweet orange oils terpeneless, sour/ bitter orange oils),
Orange oil and extract (Sweet, distilled orange oils and terpeneless),
Origanum oil,
Orris concrete (oil and root extract)
P
Palmarosa oil,
Palmitic acid,
Parsley seed oil,
Patchouly oil and absolute,
Pectin,
omega-Pentadecalactone,
2,3-Pentanedione,
2-Pentanone,
Pepper oil, black
Peppermint (oil and peppermint oil terpeneless),
Petitgrain (absolute, oil, and terpeneless oil),
alpha-Phellandrene,
2-
Phenethyl acetate,
Phenethyl alcohol,
Phenethyl butyrate,
Phenethyl cinnamate,
Phenethyl isobutyrate,
Phenethyl isovalerate,
Phenethyl phenylacetate,
3-Phenyl-1-propanol,
2-Phenyl-2-butenal,
4-Phenyl-3-buten-2-one,
Phenylacetaldehyde,
Phenylacetic acid,
l-
Phenylalanine,
3-Phenylpropionaldehyde,
3-Phenylpropionic acid,
3-Phenylpropyl acetate,
Phosphoric acid,
Pine needle oil,
Pine oil, scotch,
Pineapple juice concentrate,
alpha-
Pinene,
beta-Pinene,
Piperonal,
Pipsissewa leaf extract,
Plum juice, concentrate and extract,
Potassium carbonate,
Potassium sorbate,
l-
Proline,
Propenylguaethol,
Propionic acid,
Propyl acetate,
Propyl para-hydroxybenzoate,
Propylene glycol,
3-Propylidenephthalide,
Prune juice and concentrate,
Pyridine,
Pyroligneous acid and extract,
Pyruvic acid
R
Raisin juice (concentrate and extract),
l-
Rhamnose,
Rhodinol,
Rose (absolute and oil),
Rosemary (oil and extract),
Rum (and rum extract),
Rum ether,
Rye Extract
S
Sage (oil, oleoresin, and powder),
Salicylaldehyde,
Sandalwood (oil, yellow),
Sclareolide,
Sodium benzoate,
Sodium bicarbonate,
Sodium carbonate,
Sodium citrate,
Sorbic acid,
d-
Sorbitol,
Spearmint oil,
Storax (and styrax, extract, gum, and oil),
Sucrose,
Sucrose octaacetate
T
Tagetes oil,
l-Tartaric acid, dl-Tartaric acid,
Tea extract,
alpha-Terpineol,
Terpinolene,
alpha-Terpinyl acetate,
5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroquinoxaline,
1,5,5,9-Tetramethyl-13-oxatricyclo (8.3.0.0(4,9)) tridecane,
2,3,5,6-Tetramethylpyrazine,
Thyme oil,
Thymol,
Tolu balsam gum, resinoid, and extract,
Tolualdehydes (ortho,meta,para),
para-Tolyl 3-methylbutyrate,
para-Tolyl acetate,
para-Tolyl isobutyrate,
para-Tolyl phenylacetate,
Triacetin,
2-Tridecanone,
Triethyl citrate,
3,5,5-Trimethyl-1-hexanol,
4-(2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)but-2-en-4-one,
2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohex-2-ene-1,4-dione,
4-(2,6,6-Trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-dienyl)but-2-en-4-one,
2,2,6-Trimethylcyclohexanone,
2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazine
U
delta-Undecalactone,
gamma-
Undecalactone,
2-
Undecanone,
Urea
V
Valeraldehyde,
Valerian root (extract, oil and powder),
Valeric acid,
gamma-
Valerolactone,
l-
Valine,
Vanilla extract and oleresin,
Vanillin,
Veratraldehyde,
Vetiver oil,
Violet leaf absolute
W
Walnut hull extract,
Water,
Wheat absolute,
Wine and
wine sherry
Y
Ylang ylang oil
Sources:
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Reducing Tobacco Use: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2000.
http://www.rjrt.com