The James Tait Black Memorial Prize was founded in 1919 by Mrs Janet Coats Black in memory of her late husband James Tait Black of the publishers A & C Black Ltd. There are two prizes; one for the best work of fiction and one for the best work of biography, published in the English language in the United Kingdom during the previous year. The awards are made on the recommendation of the Regius Professor of Rhetoric and English Literature at the University of Edinburgh with the assistance of an advisory committee and the staff and graduate students of the University's department of English literature.
The value of each prize was £3,000 for many years but was not well known outside academia. It was recently decided to take the award "from the ivory towers to the marketplace" and when Edinburgh became Unesco's first World City of Literature it was decided to increase the profile of the award and from 2005 onwards the prize money was increased to £10,000 with the assistance of the Scottish Arts Council.
The Winners of the James Tait Black Memorial Prize
The Fiction Award
- 1919 - Hugh Walpole, The Secret City
- 1920 - D. H. Lawrence, The Lost Girl
- 1921 - Walter de la Mare, Memoirs of a Midget
- 1922 - David Garnett, Lady into Fox
- 1923 - Arnold Bennett, Riceyman Steps
- 1924 - E. M. Forster, A Passage to India
- 1925 - Liam O'Flaherty, The Informer
- 1926 - Radclyffe Hall, Adam's Breed
- 1927 - Francis Brett Young, The Portrait of Clare
- 1928 - Siegfried Sassoon, Memoirs of a Foxhunting Man
- 1929 - J. B. Priestley, The Good Companions
- 1930 - Emily Hilda Young, Miss Mole
- 1931 - Kate O'Brien, Without My Cloak
- 1932 - Helen de Guerry Simpson, Boomerang
- 1933 - Archibald Gordon Macdonell, England, Their England
- 1934 - Robert Graves, I, Claudius and Claudius the God
- 1935 - Leopold Hamilton Myers, The Root and the Flower
- 1936 - Winifred Holtby, South Riding
- 1937 - Neil M. Gunn, Highland River
- 1938 - C. S. Forester, A Ship of the Line and Flying Colours
- 1939 - Aldous Huxley, After Many a Summer Dies the Swan
- 1940 - Charles Langbridge Morgan, The Voyage
- 1941 - Joyce Cary, A House of Children
- 1942 - Arthur Waley, Translation of Monkey by Wu Cheng'en
- 1943 - Mary Lavin, Tales from Bective Bridge
- 1944 - Forrest Reid, Young Tom
- 1945 - L. A. G. Strong, Travellers
- 1946 - Oliver Onions, Poor Man's Tapestry
- 1947 - L. P. Hartley, Eustace and Hilda
- 1948 - Graham Greene, The Heart of the Matter
- 1949 - Emma Smith, The Far Cry
- 1950 - Robert Henriques, Through the Valley
- 1951 - Chapman Mortimer, Father Goose
- 1952 - Evelyn Waugh, Men at Arms
- 1953 - Margaret Kennedy, Troy Chimneys
- 1954 - C. P. Snow, The New Men and The Masters
- 1955 - Ivy Compton-Burnett, Mother and Son
- 1956 - Rose Macaulay, The Towers of Trebizond
- 1957 - Anthony Powell, At Lady Molly's
- 1958 - Angus Wilson, The Middle Age of Mrs. Eliot
- 1959 - Morris West, The Devil's Advocate
- 1960 - Rex Warner, Imperial Caesar
- 1961 - Jennifer Dawson, The Ha-Ha
- 1962 - Ronald Hardy, Act of Destruction
- 1963 - Gerda Charles, A Slanting Light
- 1964 - Frank Tuohy, The Ice Saints
- 1965 - Muriel Spark, The Mandelbaum Gate
- 1966 - Christine Brooke-Rose, Such
- 1966 - Aidan Higgins, Langrishe, Go Down
- 1967 - Margaret Drabble, Jerusalem The Golden
- 1968 - Maggie Ross, The Gasteropod
- 1969 - Elizabeth Bowen, Eva Trout
- 1970 - Lily Powell, The Bird of Paradise
- 1971 - Nadine Gordimer, A Guest of Honour
- 1972 - John Berger, G
- 1973 - Iris Murdoch, The Black Prince
- 1974 - Lawrence Durrell, Monsieur or the Prince of Darkness
- 1975 - Brian Moore, The Great Victorian Collection
- 1976 - John Banville, Doctor Copernicus
- 1977 - John Le Carré, The Honourable Schoolboy
- 1978 - Maurice Gee, Plumb
- 1979 - William Golding, Darkness Visible
- 1980 - J. M. Coetzee, Waiting for the Barbarians
- 1981 - Salman Rushdie, Midnight's Children
- 1981 - Paul Theroux, The Mosquito Coast
- 1982 - Bruce Chatwin, On The Black Hill
- 1983 - Jonathan Keates, Allegro Postillions
- 1984 - J. G. Ballard, Empire of the Sun
- 1984 - Angela Carter, Nights at the Circus
- 1985 - Robert Edric, Winter Garden
- 1986 - Jenny Joseph, Persephone
- 1987 - George Mackay Brown, The Golden Bird: Two Orkney Stories
- 1988 - Piers Paul Read, A Season in the West
- 1989 - James Kelman, A Disaffection
- 1990 - William Boyd, Brazzaville Beach
- 1991 - Iain Sinclair, Downriver
- 1992 - Rose Tremain, Sacred Country
- 1993 - Caryl Phillips, Crossing the River
- 1994 - Alan Hollinghurst, The Folding Star
- 1995 - Christopher Priest, The Prestige
- 1996 - Graham Swift, Last Orders
- 1996 - Alice Thompson, Justine
- 1997 - Andrew Miller, Ingenious Pain
- 1998 - Beryl Bainbridge, Master Georgie
- 1999 - Timothy Mo, Renegade or Halo2
- 2000 - Zadie Smith, White Teeth
- 2001 - Sid Smith, Something Like a House
- 2002 - Jonathan Franzen, The Corrections
- 2003 - Andrew O'Hagan, Personality
- 2004 - David Peace, GB84
- 2005 - Ian McEwan, Saturday
The Biography Award
- 1919 - Henry Festing Jones, Samuel Butler, Author of Erewhon (1835-1902) - A Memoir
- 1920 - G. M. Trevelyan, Lord Grey of the Reform Bill
- 1921 - Lytton Strachey, Queen Victoria
- 1922 - Percy Lubbock, Earlham
- 1923 - Sir Ronald Ross, Memoirs Etc.
- 1924 - Rev. William Wilson, The House of Airlie
- 1925 - Geoffrey Scott, The Portrait of Zelide
- 1926 - Reverend Dr H. B. Workman, John Wyclif: A Study of the English Medieval Church
- 1927 - H. A. L. Fisher, James Bryce, Viscount Bryce of Dechmont, O.M.
- 1928 - John Buchan, Montrose
- 1929 - Lord David Cecil, The Stricken Deer: or The Life of Cowper
- 1930 - Francis Yeats-Brown, Lives of a Bengal Lancer
- 1931 - J. Y. R. Greig, David Hume
- 1932 - Stephen Gwynn, The Life of Mary Kingsley
- 1933 - Violet Clifton, The Book of Talbot
- 1934 - J. E. Neale, Queen Elizabeth
- 1935 - R. W. (Raymond Wilson) Chambers, Thomas More
- 1936 - Edward Sackville West, A Flame in Sunlight: The Life and Work of Thomas de Quincey
- 1937 - Lord Eustace Percy, John Knox
- 1938 - Sir Edmund Chambers, Samuel Taylor Coleridge
- 1939 - David C. Douglas, English Scholars
- 1940 - Hilda F. M. Prescott, Spanish Tudor: Mary I of England
- 1941 - John Gore, King George V
- 1942 - Lord Ponsonby of Shulbrede, Henry Ponsonby: Queen Victoria's Private Secretary
- 1943 - G. G. Coulton, Fourscore Years
- 1944 - C. V. Wedgwood, William the Silent
- 1945 - D. S. MacColl, Philip Wilson Steer
- 1946 - Richard Aldington, Wellington
- 1947 - Rev. C. C. E. Raven, English Naturalists from Neckham to Ray
- 1948 - Percy A. Scholes, The Great Dr Burney
- 1949 - John Connell, W. E. Henley
- 1950 - Cecil Woodham-Smith, Florence Nightingale
- 1951 - Noel Annan, Leslie Stephen
- 1952 - G. M. Young, Stanley Baldwin
- 1953 - Carola Oman, Sir John Moore
- 1954 - Keith Feiling, Warren Hastings
- 1955 - R. W. Ketton-Cremer, Thomas Gray
- 1956 - St John Greer Ervine, George Bernard Shaw
- 1957 - Maurice Cranston, Life of John Locke
- 1958 - Joyce Hemlow, The History of Fanny Burney
- 1959 - Christopher Hassall, Edward Marsh
- 1960 - Canon Adam Fox, The Life of Dean Inge
- 1961 - M. K. Ashby, Joseph Ashby of Tysoe
- 1962 - Meriol Trevor, Newman: The Pillar and the Cloud and Newman: Light in Winter
- 1963 - Georgina Battiscombe, John Keble: A Study in Limitations
- 1964 - Elizabeth Longford, Victoria R.I.
- 1965 - Mary Moorman, William Wordsworth: The Later Years 1803-1850
- 1966 - Geoffrey Keynes, The Life of William Harvey
- 1967 - Winifred Gérin, Charlotte Brontë: The Evolution of Genius
- 1968 - Gordon Haight, George Eliot
- 1969 - Antonia Fraser, Mary, Queen of Scots
- 1970 - Jasper Ridley, Lord Palmerston
- 1971 - Julia Namier, Lewis Namier
- 1972 - Quentin Bell, Virginia Woolf
- 1973 - Robin Lane Fox, Alexander the Great
- 1974 - John Wain, Samuel Johnson
- 1975 - Karl Miller, Cockburn's Millennium
- 1976 - Ronald Hingley, A New Life of Chekhov
- 1977 - George Painter, Chateaubriand:The Longed-For Tempests
- 1978 - Robert Gittings, The Older Hardy
- 1979 - Brian Finney, Christopher Isherwood: A Critical Biography
- 1980 - Robert B. Martin, Tennyson: The Unquiet Heart
- 1981 - Victoria Glendinning, Edith Sitwell: Unicorn Among Lions
- 1982 - Richard Ellmann, James Joyce
- 1983 - Alan Walker, Franz Liszt: The Virtuoso Years
- 1984 - Lyndall Gordon, Virginia Woolf: A Writer's Life
- 1985 - David Nokes, Jonathan Swift: A Hypocrite Reversed
- 1986 - D. Felicitas Corrigan, Helen Waddell
- 1987 - Ruth Dudley Edwards, Victor Gollancz: A Biography
- 1988 - Brian McGuinness, Wittgenstein, A Life: Young Ludwig (1889-1921)
- 1989 - Ian Gibson, Federico Garcia Lorca: A Life
- 1990 - Claire Tomalin, The Invisible Woman: The Story of Nelly Ternan and Charles Dickens
- 1991 - Adrian Desmond and James Moore, Darwin
- 1992 - Charles Nicholl, The Reckoning: The Murder of Christopher Marlowe
- 1993 - Richard Holmes, Dr Johnson and Mr Savage
- 1994 - Doris Lessing, Under My Skin
- 1995 - Gitta Sereny, Albert Speer: His Battle with the Truth
- 1996 - Diarmaid MacCulloch, Thomas Cranmer: A Life
- 1997 - R. F. Foster, W. B. Yeats: A Life: The Apprentice Mage 1965-1914
- 1998 - Peter Ackroyd, The Life of Thomas More
- 1999 - Kathryn Hughes, George Eliot: The Last Victorian
- 2000 - Martin Amis, Experience
- 2001 - Robert Skidelsky, John Maynard Keynes: Fighting for Britain 1937-1946
- 2002 - Jenny Uglow, The Lunar Men: The Friends Who Made the Future 1730-1810
- 2003 - Janet Browne, Charles Darwin:The Power of Place
- 2004 - Jonathan Bate, John Clare: A Biography
- 2005 - Sue Prideaux, Edvard Munch: Behind the Scream
References
http://www.englit.ed.ac.uk/jtbinf.htm
http://books.guardian.co.uk/news/articles/0,,1792232,00.html
http://facstaff.unca.edu/moseley/black.html