French politician. Born 1753, died 1827.
A professor in canon law in Rennes, Lanjuinais was elected to the Estates-General in 1789. Along with other Breton representatives, Lanjuinais formed the Breton Club, which later became the Jacobin Club. He later joined the Girondins in their struggles with the Montagnards. He refused to support the execution of Louis XVI, arguing that one does not murder a defeated enemy.
Following the fall from power in 1794 of Maximilien Robespierre, he was one of the architects behind the 1795 constitution.
Despite his continued opposition to Napoleon's aggrandizement (he voted against Napoleon's consulate-for-life and against Napoleon being declared emperor), he was nevertheless ennobled by the Emperor, being created a count in 1808. Following the restoration of the monarchy, he retained this title.
Elected to the chamber of deputies in 1814 on the liberal ticket, he wrote Essai sur la charte, wherein he argues that the basis of monarchy is the approval and will of the people.