Sabianism, Sabænism, or Tsabaism, a faith which recognized the unity of God, but worshiped angels or intelligences supposed to reside in the stars and guide their motions, whence the lapse, at least on the part of the common people, to the worship of the stars became easy. They had sacrifices and sacred days, and believed in a future state of retribution. They were once numerous in Arabia, Syria, and Mesopotamia, and their sacred books were in Syriac.
Entry from Everybody's Cyclopedia,
1912.