A surveyor whose professional qualification is guaranteed to be of a certain standard because they have passed the tests and been admitted to membership of a professional organization having a royal charter, in this case, in Britain, the RICS (Royal Institute of Charted Surveyors).
A chartered accountant is also distinguished by being a member of a similar chartered body.
The two qualifying assessments of the RICS are the Assessment of Professional Competence (APC) and Assessment of Technical Competence (ATC).
Prime Minister Mari Alkatiri of East Timor is described as having been a chartered surveyor, so I am guessing he was trained in Portugal and this kind of certification is not a purely British thing.