Logic Programming backwards. In Logic Programming, the computer is given a set of logical rules, and is used by querying it as to the truth or falsity of particular statements. In ILP (the common abbreviation), facts are given to the computer, and it has to try to induce the logical rules from the facts. To make it easier for the computer, some "background knowledge" -- information and concepts useful in the expression of the original rules -- is given. This is a really hard problem and it is at the forefront of machine learning research. ILP programs include MIS, FOIL, GOLEM, PROGOL, Aleph and LIME. The top person in the field is currently probably Steve Muggleton.