A set of formulae is maximally consistent iff:

  1. It is consistent.
  2. No additional formula can be added to the set and result in a consistent set.

I formalise1 this as:

Given a set of formulae S
S is consistent iff ¬(S |- ¬(aa))
S is maximally consistent iff S is consistent and (p)((p S)→((S {p}) |- ¬(a→a)))

Any consistent set of formulae can generate a maximally consistent set by adding all other consistent formulae. This can be used to prove the Completeness Theorem.

Aside: some philosophers define a possible world as a maximally consistent set of true propositions/statements.


1: Partial source: A Problem Course in Mathematical Logic by Stefan Bilaniuk <http://www.trentu.ca/mathematics/sb/pcml/>

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