A ruling class that helps itself to a nation's wealth, with sufficient plausible deniability that we can only chalk it up to kleptomania. Usually centered around a dictator: Ferdinand Marcos, Mobutu Sese Seko, and Suharto became quite rich, all while leading countries with a per-capita GDP of a kindergarten. It wasn't by shrewd investments or by being the best quarterback in Manila. Compare to the US, where looting is privately financed, e.g. by lobbyists and corporations.