There are hundreds upon hundreds of legislatures in our world. I have classified some of them by their internal structure and by how they function within the government.
A unicameral legislature has one chamber. A bicameral legislature has two.
The other distinguishing characteristic I note is the nature of the executive. Legislatures listed under "integrated executive" directly elect the head of the government. Those under "separate executive" do not have this luxury, and instead have to work (or compete) with a popularly-elected executive. In a "dual executive" arrangement, there is both a popularly-elected leader (head of state) and a leader elected by the legislature (head of government). These systems originated in Britain, America, and France respectively.
I should also point out at this juncture that these categories are an oversimplification: there are many smaller characteristics that distinguish these different legislatures. In Kenya, for instance, the president is elected by the legislature, but there is also a popular vote, and if he/she does not win a certain number of electoral districts in the popular vote, a runoff election has to be called. See individual writeups for details on all the different systems.
Many countries have a prime minister appointed by a popularly-elected president. I have filed these under "separate executive," since the legislature doesn't get to choose.
This isn't an exhaustive index, yet: if you'd like to see your country, state, or territory of interest added to the list, /msg me.
Unicameral, integrated executive:
Albania People's Assembly: 140
Bangladesh Jatiya Sangsad: 300
China National People's Congress: 2,979 (the world's largest)
Denmark Folketing: 179
Estonia Riigikogu: 107
Indonesia Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat: 500
Israel Knesset: 120
Latvia Saeima: 100
Nauru Parliament: 18 (the world's smallest)
Norway Storting: 165
New Zealand House of Representatives: 120
North Korea Supreme People's Assembly: 687
Scotland Parliament: 129
Turkey Grand National Assembly: 550
United Nations General Assembly: 191
Unicameral, dual executive:
Finland Eduskunta: 200
Singapore Parliament: 84
Unicameral, separate executive:
Costa Rica Legislative Assembly: 57
Egypt Majlis: 454
European Parliament: 750
Iceland Althing: 63
Iran Majlis: 290
Iraq Majlis: 250
Kenya Bunge: 222
Northern Ireland Assembly: 108
Portugal Assembleia da Republica: 230
Senegal National Assembly: 120
South Korea National Assembly: 273
Sweden Riksdag: 349
Taiwan Yuan: 225
Ukraine Supreme Council: 450
Venezuela Asamblea Nacional: 165
Zimbabwe House of Assembly: 150
Bicameral, integrated executive:
Australia Federal Parliament: Senate 76, House of Representatives 150
Belgium Parliament: Senate 71, Chamber of Deputies 150
Canada Parliament: Senate 104, House of Commons 301
Japan Diet: House of Councillors 247, House of Representatives 480
Malaysia Parlimen: Dewan Negara 69, Dewan Rakyat 193
Netherlands Staten Generaal: Eerste Kamer 75, Tweede Kamer 150
Spain Las Cortes Generales: Senado 259, Congreso de los Diputados 350
Thailand Rathasapha: Wuthisapha 200, Sapha Phuthaen Ratsadon 500
United Kingdom Parliament: House of Lords c. 600, House of Commons 659
Bicameral, dual executive:
France Parlement: Senat 321, Assemblee Nationale 577
Germany Parlament: Bundesrat 69, Bundestag 656
India Sansad: Rajya Sabha 250, Lok Sabha 545
Ireland Oireachtas: Seanad 60, Dail Eireann 166
Italy Parlamento: Senato della Repubblica 324, Camera dei Deputati 630
Russia Federal Assembly: Federation Council 178, State Duma 450
Bicameral, separate executive:
Algeria Parliament: Council of Nations 144, National People's Assembly 389
Argentina Congreso Nacional: Camara de Senadores 72, Camara de Diputados 257
Austria Bundesversammlung: Bundesrat 64, Nationalrat 183
Brazil Congresso Nacional: Senado Federal 81, Camara dos Deputados 513
California State Legislature: Senate 40, State Assembly 80
Colombia Congreso: Senado 102, Camara de Representantes 166
Florida Legislature: Senate 40, House of Representatives 120
Kazakhstan Parliament: Senate 39, Mazhlis 77
Mexico Congreso de la Union: Camara de Senadores 128, Camara Federal de Diputados 500
New York Legislature: Senate 62, Assembly 150
South Africa Parliament: National Council of Provinces 400, National Assembly 400
Switzerland Federal Assembly: Council of States 46, National Council 200
United States Congress: Senate 100, House of Representatives 435
source:
CIA World Factbook. Data accurate for 2002.