A nightmare is the sort of dream that can be so enveloping that you don't realize it isn't real. It is the perception of some fear through a realistic medium or media, usually visual. Within the nightmare, you will characteristically be chased or stalked by some abhorrent device (man, machine, clown, etc.) from which you cannot escape.

Some people will realize that they are within a dream and attempt to escape the dream rather than the dream's antagonist. This attempt may be effective, because once efforts are directed toward waking up, the dream sequence has virtually no consequence on your perception. At that point, it is possible to whisper quietly so as to wake another in the room with you, or to merely contract your muscles, jolting you awake.