A few additions, and corrections:
- Bugger, as I've heard and used it, can mean several things:
- v: to engage in (usually anal) sexual intercourse with
- n: describing an annoying obstacle, eg. "MS Excel has been a right bugger the past few weeks."
- The verb form is essentially, like fuck, a swiss-army-knife expletive, and can be used in many situations: in shooting down a suggestion ("Bugger that!"), expressing disbelief ("Bugger me...") and dismissing an acquaintance ("Bugger him"). Technically it does not mean "sodomite", or at the very least I've never heard it used that way. The term would more accurately be buggerer.
- Shite - n: Analogous to the more commonly used shit.
- Git - n: A very mild expletive referring to a disagreeable person.
- Piss - n: While not strictly a British expletive, it is used very commonly in British culture, and has spawned a particularly British phrase: "taking the piss". Interestingly, there is no American expletive equivalent of this; the closest equivalent would be "pulling my leg".