Cataphora is the use in language of a word or phrase that refers to another word or phrase that occurs later. For example (the use of which phrase might here be considered cataphoric, since the example now follows), the word he in "when he saw himself in the mirror, John was surprised" is a cataphor referring forward to the term John, whereas himself is an anaphor referring back to the term he.
Many linguists tend to use the term anaphora to include both types of endophora, anaphora and cataphora.