The debate of dub vs sub is unfortunately often dominated by unfounded generalizations and rampant elitism on part of those who claim that subtitles are always superior, weak forms of which are also observable in the other writeups. In bad cases, anybody who prefers dubs is summarily accused of being illiterate.

Let's analyse it a bit closer:

Pro sub / Anti dub

  1. Subs allow you to pick up fragments of the foreign language: true, but these are worthless (often worse than worthless) if used out of context and without true understanding of the language, which can only be acquired through real lessons. Only when you actually know the language well enough to understand a substantial amount of what is being said and still read the subtitles at the same time can watching subtitled movies truly help you to learn a language. On the other hand, your pronounciation can benefit right from the beginning.

  2. Dub voice actors are bad / the voices are emotionless: unfounded generalization - sure, too often, this is the case, but it's a matter of budget, and experience, not a fundamental weakness of dubs. In the case of anime this is nowadays usually not the case, but bad experiences from 10 years ago still aren't forgotten. Some also say that the original voice actors are also often bad, but this is less noticeable when one doesn't understand the language.

  3. Dubs destroy the experience / drain the culture of the movie: Define "experience". if the main reason you watch the movie is because it's in another language, this may be right, but for the movie itself, very rarely does the language really make a difference, even less if you can't even understand it. And the culture is conveyed by settings, people's actions and the content of what they say, not the language. Of course, if this is really your gut feeling, it can't be disproven, but be aware that it's a personal preference, not an objective difference.

  4. Subtitles are translated more exactly / dub translations lose the content: the latter is nonsense, probably an unfounded generalization from a few hacked anime shown on US TV (e.g. Dragonball, Sailor Moon) that were intentionally changed. It is true that subtitles are a bit less restricted in respect to mouth movement, but this is usually a minor factor. In some cases, subtitles are more literal and assume more knowledge from the audience, while the dub is targeted at a broader audience and does things like substitute expressions that require background knowledge. But this is a decision made by the translator, not a fundamental weakness of dubs.

  5. Subtitles show you the movie as the director intended you to see it: He or she sure didn't intend you to watch it in a language you don't know and read a translation at the bottom of the screen. The language being used was almost certainly not a deliberate choice of the director. There are reports of cases where the dub was considered superior by the creator of the original.

  6. A dub changes the work, and I want to see the original: Well, a sub also changes it, and realistically, there isn't really anything sacrosanct about the "original" - it was likely a compromise between the artistic visions of the various people involved in the making, as well as considerations of the target audience and budget and time constraints. Even without all these factors, most creative people are never really completely satisfied with a work and would continue to change it if they could. Still, this is a valid reason to prefer subs if you feel that way, just don't overestimate its significance.

Pro dub / Anti sub

  1. You can watch a dub more casually, e.g. while eating and don't miss as much of what's going on. Obviously true, but then, it's kinda sacrilegous not to give your full attention to a good film.

  2. Dubs are cheaper: true for VHS tapes, but this is of course artificial (well, a function of market dynamics), not an inherent benefit of a dub. And with the advent of DVDs it ceases to be an issue.

  3. The subtitles sometimes change to fast so that you miss stuff: Depends of course very much on the film. People often dismiss this by questioning the education and/or intelligence of those who complain about this, which is a cheap underhanded way of avoiding the issue. It may be true that some people can read faster than anyone can talk, but you can't expect everyone to learn that, and beyond a certain minimum, reading speed does not correlate directly with education, far less intelligence. And in some cases, when actors talk extremely fast, or in Kare-Kano, where the original extensively uses on-screen text on top of fast-talking actors, subtitles are simply insufficient.

  4. The subtitles lessen the viewing experience: film is a visual medium, and the subtitles partially hide the visual part, and drain away attention that you should be able to pay to the visuals. Some people claim that they can take in the complete screen and read all the subtitles at the same time without moving their eyes. Personally, I find this physically impossible; it obviously depends on how sharp your peripheral vision is, which is not something people can control. So for some, this may be less of an issue than for others.

In conclusion, it should be clear by now that there exists no encompassing superiority of either format; what you choose to view depends on personal preference. My opinion is that the weaknesses of subs are stronger and cannot be avoided, but those of dubs, while avoidable, are worse when present. IMO a bad dub is a helluva lot less watchable than a bad sub, but a good dub is much more enjoyable than any sub can be. However, I watch almost exclusively subbed anime because by now, my Japanese can really benefit from it.

If I missed anything, /msg me.