In the Republic, a large portion of the book is used to describe
Socrates'
Kalipolis or ideal
city-state.
Socrates' Kalipolis is composed of:
1.
Producers - Which include
farmers and
craftsmen
2.
Guardians -
Protectors of the Kalipolis
3.
Rulers -
aka Philosopher-Kings
These 3
classifications were also referenced as the metals
bronze,
Silver, and
Gold.
Another
interesting piece of the Republic was Socrates' rankings (and the
justification of those
rankings) of four forms of
character types and the city states that result when those character types
rule. The types rank as follows: (with the Kalipolis, obviously above all)
1. Kalipolis
2.
Timocracy- Ruled by those who are ruled souly by their
spirit where the
desire for
honor, good
reputation, and
victory reside.
3.
Oligarchy - Ruled by those who are ruled by their
necessary appetites.
4.
Democracy - Ruled by those who are ruled by their
unnecessary appetites.
5.
Tyranny - Ruled by those who are ruled by
fear and their
lawless unnecessary appetites.