In Jamaican Patois, "no" is used for various negations: no, not, isn't, don't (thanks, donfreenut).
Hence, Bob Marley's great song No Woman No Cry is not an anthem to bachelordom. It is about a man comforting a woman --that he obviously shared a great deal with-- because he has to leave: "No woman, don't cry".
Without doubt, Rita Marley and the I-Threes understood the lyrics when they performed the backup vocals.