Wisdom teeth erupt into the mouth after puberty. In dental parlance, they are called third molars, because that's exactly what they are. Your six-year molars are your first molars, and your twelve-year molars are your second molars.

They are often extracted because of problems with occlusion and the difficulty associated with plaque control so far back in the mouth. A dentist can perform a more routine extraction, but more difficult cases require an oral surgeon, who is better able to deal with, for example, widely divergent roots or other more severely impacted teeth.