Alan M. Turing called what is now called the Turing
test the Imitation Game. In
"Computing Machinery and Intelligence", the article in
Mind in which the Imitation Game is introduced, Turing
describes two similar versions of the game. In the first
version, an interrogator talks (via a teletype setup)
to a woman and a man. The man's job is to convince the
interrogator that he is a woman. The woman's job is to
keep the interrogator from concluding that the man is a
woman, perhaps by convincing the interrogator that she,
not the man, is a woman. In the second version, the
interrogator talks to a person and a computer. It is the
computer's job to convince the interrogator it is a
person, while it is the person's job to prevent that.