The ratio test is a test in the calculus of sequences and series for determining whether or not a series is absolutely convergent:

For a series

inf
---
\ an
/__
n=1

if limn->inf |an+1/an| = L < 1, the series is absolutely convergent.
If limn->inf |an+1/an| = L > 1, the series diverges.
If limn->inf |an+1/an| = L = 1, the ratio test tells us nothing, and we must use another test.