This scholarship is award to high school graduates for up to four years at college. The current amount is $1,500 per year. Each state gets federal funding to award the scholarship to top students in each district. The forms are available at the government's site, as well as contact information and statistics.
When I applied I only had to fill out a form listing GPA (or equivalent) and my name and address. I later received a letter informing me of my award, and every year I've had to fill out a form for the coming year.
Description from the government's site (http://www.ed.gov/offices/OPE/HEP/idues/byrd.html):
"The Robert C. Byrd Honors Scholarship Program is a federally funded, State-administered program to recognize exceptionally able high school seniors who show promise of continued excellence in postsecondary education."