Transducers that covert electrical energy to sound pressure waves by means of a permanent magnet mounted in the base and an electromagnet connected to a cardboard diaphragm, both of which are attached via a springy suspension to the base. Depending on the current applied to the electromagnet, the force being applied to separate or bring together the base and the diaphragm changes, thus the position of the diaphragm changes, producing sound waves.

Speakers are the combination of one or more drivers strategicly placed in a typicaly wooden enclosure for the purpose of creating sound waves.

Different types of speakers include, 1-way, 2-way and 3-way designs and subwoofers.

See Speaker Drivers for information on the way speaker drivers work.

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