La Petite Mort was actually believed to be a cause of death at the time. It was believed that having too much sex could lead to death. There are many references to this in old manuscripts, most notably Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales".

As to why they thought this would be believed, I do not know for certain. When I asked my english teacher (who is very big on english history) she said she didn't know the reason, but offered "These people were very big on their bodily fluids". Visions of "Doctor Strangelove" begin to come to mind.