Created and drawn by Albert Uderzo. Until he died in 1977, René Goscinny did the storyline of the Asterix albums. Asterix and the other inhabitants of the rebel town are gaullic.
These are the names of the six main characters in different languages:
English(UK): Asterix Obelix Dogmatix
French: Astérix Obélix Idéfix
Afrikaans: Asterix Obelix Woefix
_
Alsatian: Asterix Obelix Fangmix
_ _ _ _ _
Arabic: Asteriks Ubeliks Anidiks
Bable: Asterix Obelix
Basque: Asterix Obelix Idefix
Belarussian: Asteryks Abeliks Idefiks
Bengali: Asterix Obelix
Bern: Asterix Obelix Idefix
Brazilian: Asterix Obelix Idéiafix
Breton: Asteriks Obeliks Skoazellet
Catalan: Astèrix Obèlix Ideafix
Chinese(M): Yali Oubi
Corsican: Asterix Obelix Idefix
Croatian: Asterix Obelix Snupix
Czech: Asterix Obelix Idefix
Danish: Asterix Obelix Idefix
Dutch: Asterix Obelix Idefix
English(USA): Asterix Obelix Dogmatix
Esperanto: Asteriks Obeliks Snufiks
Estonian: Asterix Obelix Ideefix
Finnish: Asterix Obelix Idefix
Flemish: Asterix Obelix Ideefix
Frisian: Asterix Obelix Idefix
Gaelic: Asterix Cromleax
Galician: Asterix Obelix Idefix
German: Asterix Obelix Idefix
Greek(anc): Asterikios Obelikios Skylakas
Greek(mod): Asterix Obelix Intefix
Hebrew: Asteriks Obeliks Mavriks
Hindi: Asteriks Obeliks
Hungarian: Asterix Obelix Mirnixdirnix
Icelandic: Ástríkur Steinríkur Krílríkur
Indonesian: Asterix Obelix Idefix
Italian: Asterix Obelix Idefix
Japanese: Astiriks
Korean: Asteis Obelis
Latin: Asterix Obelix Idefix
Latvian Asteriks Obeliks
Limburgish: Asterix Obelix Idéfix
Lithuanian: Asteriksas Obeliksas
Luxembourgish: Asterix Obelix Iddifix
Norwegian: Asterix Obelix Idefix
Polish: Asteriks Obeliks Idefiks
Portuguese: Astérix Obélix Ideiafix
Rheato-Roman: Asterix Obelix Idefix
Rumanian: Asterix Obelix
Serbian: Asteriks Obeliks Garoviks
Slovak: Asterix Obelix Idefix
Slovenian: Asterix Obelix Ku&zcirc;ifix
Spanish: Asterix Obelix Idefix
Swabian: Asterix Obelix Idefix
Swedish: Asterix Obelix Idefix
Twents: Asterix Obelix
Turkish: Asteriks Hopdediks Idefix
Vietnamese: Axtêrix Ôbêlix IÐêfix
Welsh: Asterix Obelix Bitabix
English(UK): Getafix Cacofonix Vitalstatistix
French: Panoramix Assurancetourix Abraracourcix
Afrikaans: Abracadabrix Kakofonix Grootkokkedorix
Alsatian: Geschtunhix Kenblechmusix Gellwitwix
_ v_ _
Arabic: Fanniks Satiriks
·
Bable: Panoramix Asuracenturix Abraracurcix
Basque: Panoramix Asuranzeturix Abrarakurzix
Bengali: Etashetamix Kalorobix Bishalakritix
Bern: Panoramix Assurancetourix Abraracourcix
Brazilian: Panoramix Chatotorix Abracurcix
Breton: Panoramiks Avihaniks Anerzhbrec'hiks
_
Catalan: Panoràmix Assegurançatòtrix Acopdegarròtix
Chinese(M): Peng Laoye Yale Abula
Corsican: Panoramix Assicuranzatourix
_
Croatian: Cudomix Tamburix Vrhovnix
Czech: Panoramix Trubadix Majestatix
Danish: Miraculix Trubadurix Majestix
Dutch: Panoramix Assurancetourix Abraracourcix
English(UK): Getafix Cacofonix Vitalstatistix
English(USA): Magigimmix Malacoustix Macroeconomix
Esperanto: Miraklomiks Malmuziks Moŝtiks
Estonian: Aquavitix Lyrix Majestix
Finnish: Akvavitix Trubadurix Aladobix
Flemish: Panoramix Assurancetourix Abraracourcix
Frisian: Crudemix Gysbetiapix Jimmerfix
Gaelic: Cocairix Sgreuchanaix Uasalaix
Galician: Panoramix Assuranceturix Abraracurcix
German: Miraculix Troubadix Majestix
_
Greek(anc): Panoramikios Kakophonikios Monarchikios
Greek(mod): Panoramix Kakofonix Majestix
Hebrew: Ashafiks Khamshiriks Lokhemamiks
Hindi: Venadathiks Besuriks Motumaliks
Hungarian: Magicoturmix Hangianix Hasarengazfix
Icelandic: Sjóðríkur Óðríkur Aðalríkur
Indonesian: Panoramix Assurancetourix Abraracourcix
Italian: Panoramix Assurancetourix Abraracurcix
Latin: Panoramix Cantorix Maiestix
v
Latvian: Burleviks Dziesmuliks Diziliks
Limburgish: Panoramix Assurancetourix Abraracourcix
Lithuanian: Mirakuliksas Trubadiksas Majestiksas
Luxembourgish: Panoramix Tutebattix Zwirkinnix
Korean: Panolamis Asulastoelis Ablalakoelsis
Norwegian: Miraculix Trubadurix Majestix
Polish: Panoramiks Kakofoniks Asparanoiks
Portuguese: Panoramix Assuranceturix Abraracurcix
Rheato-Roman: Miraculix Trubadix Majestix
Rumanian: Panoramix Cacofonix Bratscurtarix
Serbian: Aspiriniks Tamburiks Drmatoriks
Slovak: Panoramix Kantatrix Abrakatrix
Slovenian: Panoramix Fisteltenorkix Ataaufbix
Spanish: Panoramix Asuranceturix Abraracurcix
Swabian: Miraculix Majestix
Swedish: Miraculix Troubadix Majestix
Twents: Panoramix Lyrix Majestix
Turkish: Büyüfiks Kakofoniks Toptoriks
Vietnamese: Abra
Welsh: Crycymalix Odlgymix Einharweinix
More names at the source: http://lcg-www.uia.ac.be/~erikt/asterix/names.html