Dyslexia is a learning disability characterized by problems in the oral or written language. The word dyslexia is comes from the Greek "dys" (meaning poor) and "lexis" (language).
Problems may begin to show up in reading, spelling, writing, speaking, or listening. Dyslexia is not the result of low intelligence. Dyslexia results from differences in the structure and function of the brain. Their problems in language processing distinguish them as a group. This means that the dyslexic has problems translating language to thought or thought to language.
Some common signs of Dyslexia are:
- Lack of awareness of sounds in words
- Difficulty with word identification
- Difficulty with spelling
- Poor sequencing of numbers or letters
- Problems with reading comprehension
- Difficulty expressing thoughts both in written and oral form
- Delayed spoken language
- Confusion about directions in space or time
- Confusion about right or left handedness
- Similar problems among relative
- Difficulty with handwriting
- Difficulty in mathematics
The NIH estimates that approximately 15% of the U.S. population is affected by learning disabilities. Dyslexia occurs among all groups regardless of age, race, or income. Many successful people are dyslexic. Recent research has shown that dyslexia is genetic.
Individuals with dyslexia need special programs to learn to read, write, and spell. Traditional educational programs are not always effective. Tutors and schools specializing in Dyslexia are often used, as well as Psychotherapy and multi-sensory teaching and strategies.