IPA Extensions

IPA Extensions is the name of a range of characters in the Unicode standard.

The IPA Extensions block contains primarily the unique symbols of the International Phonetic Association's International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), which is a standard systems for indicating specific speech sounds. Unicode covers all single symbols and all diacritics in the last published IPA revision (1989), as well as a few symbols in former IPA usage that are no longer currently sanctioned. A few symbols have been added to this block that are part of the transcriptional practices of Sinologists, Americanists and other linguists. A few nonstandard or obsolete phonetic symbols can be found in the Latin Extended B code block.

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Unicode's IPA Extensions code block reserves the 96 code points from U+0250 to U+02AF, of which all 96 are currently assigned.

Latin Extended B <-- IPA Extensions --> Spacing Modifier Letters

Number of characters added in each version of the Unicode standard :
Unicode 1.1 : 89
Unicode 3.0 : 5
Unicode 4.0 : 2

Number of characters in each General Category :

Letter, Lowercase  Ll : 95
Letter, Other      Lo :  1

All the characters in this code block are in bidirectional category Left To Right L

The columns below should be interpreted as :

1. The Unicode code for the character
2. The character in question
3. The Unicode name for the character
4. The Unicode General Category for the character
5. The Unicode version when this character was added

If the characters below show up poorly, or not at all, see Unicode Support for possible solutions.

 

IPA Extensions

     IPA extensions
IPA includes basic Latin letters and a number of Latin or Greek letters from other blocks.
* obsoleted by IPA in 1989
* obsoleted by IPA in 1989
* obsoleted by IPA in 1989
* withdrawn by IPA in 1970
see also U+00E6   æ   Latin small letter ae (Latin-1 Supplement)
see also U+00E7   ç   Latin small letter C with cedilla (Latin-1 Supplement)
see also U+00F0   ð   Latin small letter eth (Latin-1 Supplement)
see also U+00F8   ø   Latin small letter O with stroke (Latin-1 Supplement)
see also U+0127   ħ   Latin small letter H with stroke (Latin Extended A)
see also U+014B   ŋ   Latin small letter eng (Latin Extended A)
see also U+0153   œ   Latin small ligature oe (Latin Extended A)
see also U+03B2   β   Greek small letter beta (Greek and Coptic)
see also U+03B8   θ   Greek small letter theta (Greek and Coptic)
see also U+03BB   λ   Greek small letter lamda (Greek and Coptic)
see also U+03C7   χ   Greek small letter chi (Greek and Coptic)

U+0250   ɐ   Latin small letter turned a Ll 1.1

* low central unrounded vowel

* uppercase is 2C6F

U+0251   ɑ   Latin small letter alpha Ll 1.1

aka Latin small letter script a (1.0)

* low back unrounded vowel

* uppercase is 2C6D

ref U+03B1   α   Greek small letter alpha (Greek and Coptic)

U+0252   ɒ   Latin small letter turned alpha Ll 1.1

* low back rounded vowel

U+0253   ɓ   Latin small letter B with hook Ll 1.1

* implosive bilabial stop

* Pan-Nigerian alphabet

ref U+0181   Ɓ   Latin capital letter B with hook (Latin Extended B)

U+0254   ɔ   Latin small letter open o Ll 1.1

* typographically a turned c

* lower-mid back rounded vowel

ref U+0186   Ɔ   Latin capital letter open o (Latin Extended B)

U+0255   ɕ   Latin small letter C with curl Ll 1.1

* voiceless alveolo-palatal laminal fricative

* used in transcription of Mandarin Chinese

* sound spelled with 015B in Polish

U+0256   ɖ   Latin small letter D with tail Ll 1.1

aka d retroflex hook

* voiced retroflex stop

ref U+0189   Ɖ   Latin capital letter african d (Latin Extended B)

U+0257   ɗ   Latin small letter D with hook Ll 1.1

* implosive dental or alveolar stop

* Ewe, Pan-Nigerian alphabet

ref U+018A   Ɗ   Latin capital letter D with hook (Latin Extended B)

U+0258   ɘ   Latin small letter reversed e Ll 1.1

* upper-mid central unrounded vowel

U+0259   ə   Latin small letter schwa Ll 1.1

* mid-central unrounded vowel

* variant uppercase form 018E is associated with 01DD

ref U+018F   Ə   Latin capital letter schwa (Latin Extended B)

ref U+01DD   ǝ   Latin small letter turned e (Latin Extended B)

ref U+04D9   ә   Cyrillic small letter schwa (Cyrillic)

U+025A   ɚ   Latin small letter schwa with hook Ll 1.1

* rhotacized schwa

U+025B   ɛ   Latin small letter open e Ll 1.1

sgml &epsiv;

aka epsilon

* lower-mid front unrounded vowel

ref U+0190   Ɛ   Latin capital letter open e (Latin Extended B)

ref U+03B5   ε   Greek small letter epsilon (Greek and Coptic)

U+025C   ɜ   Latin small letter reversed open e Ll 1.1

* lower-mid central unrounded vowel

U+025D   ɝ   Latin small letter reversed open e with hook Ll 1.1

* rhotacized lower-mid central vowel

U+025E   ɞ   Latin small letter closed reversed open e Ll 1.1

aka closed reversed epsilon

* lower-mid central rounded vowel

U+025F   ɟ   Latin small letter dotless j with stroke Ll 1.1

* voiced palatal stop

* typographically a turned f, but better thought of as a form of j

* "gy" in Hungarian orthography

* also archaic phonetic for palatoalveolar affricate 02A4

U+0260   ɠ   Latin small letter G with hook Ll 1.1

* implosive velar stop

ref U+0193   Ɠ   Latin capital letter G with hook (Latin Extended B)

U+0261   ɡ   Latin small letter script g Ll 1.1

* voiced velar stop

ref U+0067   g   Latin small letter G (Basic Latin)

U+0262   ɢ   Latin letter small capital g Ll 1.1

* voiced uvular stop

U+0263   ɣ   Latin small letter gamma Ll 1.1

* voiced velar fricative

ref U+0194   Ɣ   Latin capital letter gamma (Latin Extended B)

ref U+03B3   γ   Greek small letter gamma (Greek and Coptic)

U+0264   ɤ   Latin small letter rams horn Ll 1.1

aka Latin small letter baby gamma (1.0)

* upper-mid back unrounded vowel

U+0265   ɥ   Latin small letter turned h Ll 1.1

* voiced rounded palatal approximant

U+0266   ɦ   Latin small letter H with hook Ll 1.1

* breathy-voiced glottal fricative

ref U+02B1   ʱ   modifier letter small h with hook (Spacing Modifier Letters)

U+0267   ɧ   Latin small letter heng with hook Ll 1.1

* voiceless coarticulated velar and palatoalveolar fricative

* "tj" or "kj" or "sj" in some Swedish dialects

U+0268   ɨ   Latin small letter I with stroke Ll 1.1

aka barred i, i bar

* high central unrounded vowel

* ISO 6438 gives lowercase of 0197 as 026A, not 0268

U+0269   ɩ   Latin small letter iota Ll 1.1

* semi-high front unrounded vowel

* preferred use is 026A latin letter small capital i

ref U+0196   Ɩ   Latin capital letter iota (Latin Extended B)

ref U+03B9   ι   Greek small letter iota (Greek and Coptic)

U+026A   ɪ   Latin letter small capital i Ll 1.1

* semi-high front unrounded vowel

* preferred IPA alternate for 0269

ref U+0197   Ɨ   Latin capital letter I with stroke (Latin Extended B)

U+026B   ɫ   Latin small letter L with middle tilde Ll 1.1

* velarized voiced alveolar lateral approximant

* uppercase is 2C62

U+026C   ɬ   Latin small letter L with belt Ll 1.1

* voiceless alveolar lateral fricative

U+026D   ɭ   Latin small letter L with retroflex hook Ll 1.1

* voiced retroflex lateral

U+026E   ɮ   Latin small letter lezh Ll 1.1

* voiced lateral fricative

* "dhl" in Zulu orthography

U+026F   ɯ   Latin small letter turned m Ll 1.1

* high back unrounded vowel

ref U+019C   Ɯ   Latin capital letter turned m (Latin Extended B)

U+0270   ɰ   Latin small letter turned m with long leg Ll 1.1

* voiced velar approximant

U+0271   ɱ   Latin small letter M with hook Ll 1.1

* voiced labiodental nasal

* uppercase is 2C6E

U+0272   ɲ   Latin small letter N with left hook Ll 1.1

* voiced palatal nasal

ref U+019D   Ɲ   Latin capital letter N with left hook (Latin Extended B)

U+0273   ɳ   Latin small letter N with retroflex hook Ll 1.1

* voiced retroflex nasal

U+0274   ɴ   Latin letter small capital n Ll 1.1

* voiced uvular nasal

U+0275   ɵ   Latin small letter barred o Ll 1.1

aka o bar

* rounded mid-central vowel, i.e. rounded schwa

* uppercase is 019F

ref U+03B8   θ   Greek small letter theta (Greek and Coptic)

ref U+0473   ѳ   Cyrillic small letter fita (Cyrillic)

ref U+04E9   ө   Cyrillic small letter barred o (Cyrillic)

U+0276   ɶ   Latin letter small capital oe Ll 1.1

* low front rounded vowel

ref U+0153   œ   Latin small ligature oe (Latin Extended A)

U+0277   ɷ   Latin small letter closed omega Ll 1.1

* semi-high back rounded vowel

* preferred use is 028A latin small letter upsilon

U+0278   ɸ   Latin small letter phi Ll 1.1

* voiceless bilabial fricative

ref U+03C6   φ   Greek small letter phi (Greek and Coptic)

U+0279   ɹ   Latin small letter turned r Ll 1.1

* voiced alveolar approximant

ref U+02B4   ʴ   modifier letter small turned r (Spacing Modifier Letters)

U+027A   ɺ   Latin small letter turned r with long leg Ll 1.1

* voiced lateral flap

U+027B   ɻ   Latin small letter turned r with hook Ll 1.1

* voiced retroflex approximant

ref U+02B5   ʵ   modifier letter small turned r with hook (Spacing Modifier Letters)

U+027C   ɼ   Latin small letter R with long leg Ll 1.1

* voiced strident apico-alveolar trill

* sound spelled with 0159 in Czech

* preferred phonetic representation for Czech is 0072 031D

* in current use in Gaelic types (as glyph variant of 0072)

U+027D   ɽ   Latin small letter R with tail Ll 1.1

* voiced retroflex flap

* uppercase is 2C64

U+027E   ɾ   Latin small letter R with fishhook Ll 1.1

* voiced alveolar flap or tap

U+027F   ɿ   Latin small letter reversed r with fishhook Ll 1.1

aka long leg turned iota (a misnomer)

* apical dental vowel

* used by linguists working on Chinese and other Sino-Tibetan languages

* IPA spelling - 007A 0329

* preferred presentation is with a descender

U+0280   ʀ   Latin letter small capital r Ll 1.1

* voiced uvular trill

* Germanic, Old Norse

* uppercase is 01A6

U+0281   ʁ   Latin letter small capital inverted r Ll 1.1

* voiced uvular fricative or approximant

ref U+02B6   ʶ   modifier letter small capital inverted r (Spacing Modifier Letters)

U+0282   ʂ   Latin small letter S with hook Ll 1.1

* voiceless retroflex fricative

U+0283   ʃ   Latin small letter esh Ll 1.1

* voiceless postalveolar fricative

ref U+01A9   Ʃ   Latin capital letter esh (Latin Extended B)

ref U+222B   ∫   integral (Mathematical Operators)

U+0284   ʄ   Latin small letter dotless j with stroke and hook Ll 1.1

* implosive palatal stop

* typographically based on 025F, not on 0283

U+0285   ʅ   Latin small letter squat reversed esh Ll 1.1

* apical retroflex vowel

* used by linguists working on Chinese and other Sino-Tibetan languages

* IPA spelling - 0290 0329

* in origin 027F plus the retroflex hook 0322, despite its name

* preferred presentation is with a descender

U+0286   ʆ   Latin small letter esh with curl Ll 1.1

* palatalized voiceless postalveolar fricative

* suggested spelling - 0283 02B2

U+0287   ʇ   Latin small letter turned t Ll 1.1

* dental click (sound of "tsk tsk")

ref U+01C0   ǀ   Latin letter dental click (Latin Extended B)

U+0288   ʈ   Latin small letter T with retroflex hook Ll 1.1

* voiceless retroflex stop

ref U+01AE   Ʈ   Latin capital letter T with retroflex hook (Latin Extended B)

U+0289   ʉ   Latin small letter U bar Ll 1.1

* high central rounded vowel

* uppercase is 0244

U+028A   ʊ   Latin small letter upsilon Ll 1.1

* semi-high back rounded vowel

* preferred IPA alternate to 0277

ref U+01B1   Ʊ   Latin capital letter upsilon (Latin Extended B)

ref U+03C5   υ   Greek small letter upsilon (Greek and Coptic)

U+028B   ʋ   Latin small letter V with hook Ll 1.1

aka Latin small letter script v (1.0)

* voiced labiodental approximant

ref U+01B2   Ʋ   Latin capital letter V with hook (Latin Extended B)

ref U+03C5   υ   Greek small letter upsilon (Greek and Coptic)

U+028C   ʌ   Latin small letter turned v Ll 1.1

aka caret, wedge

* lower-mid back unrounded vowel

* uppercase is 0245

ref U+039B   Λ   Greek capital letter lamda (Greek and Coptic)

ref U+2038   ‸   caret (General Punctuation)

ref U+2227   ∧   logical and (Mathematical Operators)

U+028D   ʍ   Latin small letter turned w Ll 1.1

* voiceless rounded labiovelar approximant

U+028E   ʎ   Latin small letter turned y Ll 1.1

* voiced lateral approximant

U+028F   ʏ   Latin letter small capital y Ll 1.1

* semi-high front rounded vowel

U+0290   ʐ   Latin small letter Z with retroflex hook Ll 1.1

* voiced retroflex fricative

U+0291   ʑ   Latin small letter Z with curl Ll 1.1

* voiced alveolo-palatal laminal fricative

* sound spelled with 017A in Polish

U+0292   ʒ   Latin small letter ezh Ll 1.1

aka dram

* voiced postalveolar fricative

* mistakenly named yogh in Unicode 1.0

* uppercase is 01B7

* Skolt Sami

ref U+021D   ȝ   Latin small letter yogh (Latin Extended B)

ref U+04E1   ӡ   Cyrillic small letter abkhasian dze (Cyrillic)

ref U+2125   ℥   ounce sign (Letterlike Symbols)

U+0293   ʓ   Latin small letter ezh with curl Ll 1.1

* palatalized voiced postalveolar fricative

U+0294   ʔ   Latin letter glottal stop Lo 1.1

* this is a caseless letter

* used in IPA, other phonetic notations, and those orthographies which use a caseless glottal stop

ref U+0241   Ɂ   Latin capital letter glottal stop (Latin Extended B)

ref U+02C0   ˀ   modifier letter glottal stop (Spacing Modifier Letters)

U+0295   ʕ   Latin letter pharyngeal voiced fricative Ll 1.1

aka reversed glottal stop

* voiced pharyngeal fricative

* ain

ref U+01B9   ƹ   Latin small letter ezh reversed (Latin Extended B)

ref U+02C1   ˁ   modifier letter reversed glottal stop (Spacing Modifier Letters)

U+0296   ʖ   Latin letter inverted glottal stop Ll 1.1

* lateral click

ref U+01C1   ǁ   Latin letter lateral click (Latin Extended B)

U+0297   ʗ   Latin letter stretched c Ll 1.1

* palatal (or alveolar) click

ref U+01C3   ǃ   Latin letter retroflex click (Latin Extended B)

ref U+2201   ∁   complement (Mathematical Operators)

U+0298   ʘ   Latin letter bilabial click Ll 1.1

aka bullseye

ref U+2299   ⊙   circled dot operator (Mathematical Operators)

U+0299   ʙ   Latin letter small capital b Ll 1.1

* bilabial trill

U+029A   ʚ   Latin small letter closed open e Ll 1.1

aka closed epsilon

* lower-mid front rounded vowel

* non-IPA alternate for the preferred 0153

U+029B   ʛ   Latin letter small capital g with hook Ll 1.1

* voiced uvular implosive

U+029C   ʜ   Latin letter small capital h Ll 1.1

* voiceless epiglottal fricative

U+029D   ʝ   Latin small letter J with crossed tail Ll 1.1

* voiced palatal fricative

U+029E   ʞ   Latin small letter turned k Ll 1.1

* proposed for velar click

U+029F   ʟ   Latin letter small capital l Ll 1.1

* velar lateral approximant

U+02A0   ʠ   Latin small letter Q with hook Ll 1.1

* voiceless uvular implosive

U+02A1   ʡ   Latin letter glottal stop with stroke Ll 1.1

* voiced epiglottal stop

U+02A2   ʢ   Latin letter reversed glottal stop with stroke Ll 1.1

* voiced epiglottal fricative

U+02A3   ʣ   Latin small letter dz digraph Ll 1.1

* voiced dental affricate

U+02A4   ʤ   Latin small letter dezh digraph Ll 1.1

* voiced postalveolar affricate

U+02A5   ʥ   Latin small letter dz digraph with curl Ll 1.1

* voiced alveolo-palatal affricate

U+02A6   ʦ   Latin small letter ts digraph Ll 1.1

* voiceless dental affricate

U+02A7   ʧ   Latin small letter tesh digraph Ll 1.1

* voiceless postalveolar affricate

U+02A8   ʨ   Latin small letter tc digraph with curl Ll 1.1

* voiceless alveolo-palatal affricate

     IPA characters for disordered speech

U+02A9   ʩ   Latin small letter feng digraph Ll 3.0

* velopharyngeal fricative

U+02AA   ʪ   Latin small letter ls digraph Ll 3.0

* lateral alveolar fricative (lisp)

U+02AB   ʫ   Latin small letter lz digraph Ll 3.0

* voiced lateral alveolar fricative

U+02AC   ʬ   Latin letter bilabial percussive Ll 3.0

* audible lip smack

U+02AD   ʭ   Latin letter bidental percussive Ll 3.0

* audible teeth gnashing

     Additions for Sinology

U+02AE   ʮ   Latin small letter turned h with fishhook Ll 4.0

U+02AF   ʯ   Latin small letter turned h with fishhook and tail Ll 4.0

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