This is called "tactile defensiveness". When applied to food, tactile defensiveness is much worse than simply not liking the taste; it can trigger any number of involutary, bodily defensive responses.

I have quite a severe case of tactile defensiveness and when I bite into foods such as onions, tomatoes, lettuce or broccoli, my body attempts to eject the food from my mouth. It is physically impossible for me to eat these foods because I automatically gag (actually gag, vile noises and all) and, upon the unlikely event that I am stupid enough to try to swollow the food, vomit when it hits the back of my throat. My body simply will not allow me to ingest certain foods, try as I might.